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Delhi, India

PART 1:  Definition of Megacity 2001 2006 2011 Comments
Brinkhoff population (2010) 23,200,000
Population 13,850,507 16,200,000 16,753,235
Population growth rate 2001-11 20.96
 GDP (millions)  668,660 1,005,350 2,644,950 Indian rupee; years 05 & 10 
 >GDP (PPP adjusted US dollars, millions)  49,166 68,391 141,441
 *10-year growth rate in GDP 2001 to 2011 (%)  187.68
Formal gov't for metro area (yes/no)? Y
> 1 coordinating bodies (yes/no)? Y
PART 2:  Biophysical Characteristics 2001 2006 2011 Comments
Land area (km2) 1,483.00
Urbanized area (km2) 1,113.65
Heating degree days 396.00
Cooling degree days 1,174.00
Annnual precipitation (mm) 708.10
Annual solar radiation (k Wh/m2) 1,792.15
Building gross floor area (m2) - total 67,850,000
>total per capita 4.05
>residential 55,410,000
>residential per capita 3.31
>commercial & institutional 8,520,000
>industrial 3,920,000
PART 3:  Urban Metabolism 2001 2006 2011 Comments
Energy (Stationary)
Electricity consumption (GWh) - renewable 0.00 0.00 0.00
Electricity consumption (GWh) - grid 9,713.00 15,104.00 21,700.00
Electrical line losses (GWh) 372.97 143.48 252.90 year 2002
*Total electricity consumption (GWh) 9,713.00 15,104.00 21,700.00
*Total electricity consumption (TJ) 34,966.80 54,374.40 78,120.00
*10-year growth rate 2001-2011 (%) 123.41
Natural gas (TJ) na 1,462.80 11,298.00
Fuel oil (TJ) see 'other' (below)
Coal (TJ) ~0 ~0 ~0 0.13% households use coal
Biomass/biofuels (TJ) ~0 ~0 ~0 see survey comments; also data for:
Other 9,225.14 7,482.81 2,206.49 kerosene (TJ)
2,774.55 968.32 192.67 diesel (TJ)
174.31 na 3,192.91 furnace oil (TJ)
177.68 51.53 74.60 lubes & greases (TJ)
23,284.96 28,539.95 35,638.57 LPG (bulk + packed) (TJ)
1,071.44 87.25 19.91 mineral oil (TJ)
*Total energy consumption (heating + ind. fuels) (TJ) 36,708.09 38,592.66 52,623.15
*Total energy consumption (res & comm heating) (TJ) 48,413.30
Energy (Mobile)
Gasoline (TJ) 26,775.80 32,998.80 38,168.20
Diesel (TJ) 48,040.60 60,778.10 42,636.50
Jet fuel (TJ) 27,993.07 51,867.67 78,655.66
Marine fuel (TJ) 0.00 0.00 0.00
Other na 760.54 15,750.84 natural gas (TJ)
na 1,879.20 2,923.20 electricity (Metro rail) (TJ)
*Total energy consumption (transportation) excl. marine/jet fuel (TJ) 74,816.40 96,416.64 99,478.74
*10-year growth rate 32.96
*Total energy consumption (stationary + mobile) (TJ) 146,491.29 189,383.70 230,221.89
*2011 total 230,221.89
*2006 total 189,383.70
**2001 total 146,491.29
*10-year growth rate 2001-2011 (%) 57.16
Water
Consumption (ML) -- excluding line losses 781,142.86 798,928.47 1,006,071.43
Line losses (ML) 312,457.14 319,571.39 402,428.57 assume 40 % of consumption values
>Line losses as a percentage of consumption (%) 40.0% 40.0% 40.0%
*Total water consumption (ML) excluding line losses 781,142.86 798,928.47 1,006,071.43
*Total water consumption (ML) including line losses 1,093,600.00 1,118,499.86 1,408,500.00
Production (ML) 871,742.20 897,991.20 1,160,481.00 year 2005; public supply only
Production - surface water (ML) 759,838.70 786,087.70 1,001,605.60
Production - ground water (ML) 111,903.50 111,903.50 158,875.40
*10-year growth rate in water consumption 2001-2011 (%) 28.79
Wastewater
Volume (ML) 842,730.20 884,176.00 925,621.70 year 2012
Loading (kt BOD) 112.42 88.70 82.18
Waste
Solid waste disposal - land (Kt) 2,233.00 2,443.00 2,956.00 90% waste to landfill; 5% composted
Waste incineration (Kt) 1,204.50 year 2013-14
*Total solid waste disposal (kt) 2,233.00 2,443.00 4,160.50
*10-year growth rate in solid waste disposal 2001-2011 (%) 86.32
Electricity sources
Coal (%) 38.46 38.46 14.2
Oil (%) ~0 ~0 ~0
Natural gas (%) 61.53 61.5 85.8
Hydropower (%) 0 0 0
Nuclear (%) 0 0 0
Off-site wind (%) 0 0 0
Off-site solar (%) 0 0 0 solar energy used in thermal form
Other waste-to-energy plants generate 16MW/day
GHG emissions factor (t CO2e / GWh) ?
Electricity consumption (2011)
residential (%) 49.2
commercial/institutional (%) 25.6
industrial (%) 15.2
transportation (%)
other 3.71 public water works and street
0.37 licenses
5.79 other
Stationary energy consumption (2011)
residential (%) 88.0
commercial/institutional (%) 4.0
industrial (%) 8.0
other
Materials (2011)
Building materials
Cement
>net import (Kt) 1,610.00
>production (Kt) 0.00
>consumption (Kt) 9,197.84
Steel
>net import (Kt) 877.30
>production (Kt) 0.00
>consumption (Kt) 3,157.19
Other
>net import (Kt) na aluminum
>production (Kt) 0.00
>consumption (Kt) 69.15
>net import (Kt) na paints & ceramic tiles
>production (Kt) 0.00
>consumption (Kt) 288.64
Food
>net import (Kt) see below
>production (Kt)
>consumption (Kt)
Other
>net import (Kt) 383.30 cereals
>production (Kt) 10.78
>consumption (Kt) 1,649.61
net import (Kt) 55.60 pulses and pulse products
production (Kt) 1.95
consumption (Kt) 1,819.21
net import (Kt) 53.50 vegetables
production (Kt) 1.40 (potato)
consumption (Kt) 1,589.91
net import (Kt) fruits
production (Kt) na
consumption (Kt) 957.01
net import (Kt) na meat
production (Kt) na
consumption (Kt) 655.29
net import (Kt) na dairy
production (Kt) na
consumption (Kt) 1240.74