We are thankful to be welcome on these lands in friendship. The lands we are situated on are covered by the Williams Treaties and are the traditional territory of the Mississaugas, a branch of the greater Anishinaabeg Nation, including Algonquin, Ojibway, Odawa and Pottawatomi. These lands remain home to many Indigenous nations and peoples.

We acknowledge this land out of respect for the Indigenous nations who have cared for Turtle Island, also called North America, from before the arrival of settler peoples until this day. Most importantly, we acknowledge that the history of these lands has been tainted by poor treatment and a lack of friendship with the First Nations who call them home.

This history is something we are all affected by because we are all treaty people in Canada. We all have a shared history to reflect on, and each of us is affected by this history in different ways. Our past defines our present, but if we move forward as friends and allies, then it does not have to define our future.

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Mumbai

Mumbai is India’s largest metro area and its air quality is as poor as Shanghai’s. Mumbai also has disproportionately high impacts on biodiversity loss, fresh water use and land use change. Figure 1 and Table 1 show the city’s status compared to global average.

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Figure 1: Physical Science: Mumbai vs. Global Condition

Comparing Toronto, Shanghai and Sao Paulo with Mumbai and Dakar, the significant need for improved economy, youth opportunity and mobility and connectivity is evident. Mumbai also lags in providing basic services such as waste collection and improved sanitation. Figure 2 and Table 2 provide Mumbai’s socio-economic sustainability status.

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Figure 2: Socio-economic: Mumbai vs. Global Condition