Tehran, Iran

PART 1: Definition of Megacity	2001	2006	2011	Comments

Brinkhoff population (2010)			12,800,000
Population	10,617,046	11,063,613	12,183,391
Population growth rate 2001-11			14.75
GDP (millions)	330,000,000	440,000,000	620,000,000	Iranian rial (country not city)
>GDP (PPP adjusted US dollars, millions)	226,524	151,416	144,159	National scale, not megacity
*10-year growth rate in GDP 2001 to 2011 (%)	-36.36
Formal gov't for metro area (yes/no)?			Y
> 1 coordinating bodies (yes/no)?			Y

PART 2: Biophysical Characteristics	2001	2006	2011	Comments

Land area (km²)			18,900.00
Urbanized area (km²)			1,390.00	"city" area; year 2006
Heating degree days			1,977.00
Cooling degree days			708.00
Annnual precipitation (mm)			316.30
Annual solar radiation (k Wh/m²)			2,200.00
Building gross floor area (m²) - total
>total per capita
>residential
>residential per capita			20.00
>commercial & institutional
>industrial

PART 3: Urban Metabolism	2001	2006	2011	Comments

Energy (Stationary)
Electricity consumption (GWh) - renewable
Electricity consumption (GWh) - grid		27,871.00	24,691.00
Electrical line losses (GWh)		4,180.70	3,703.70	15% of consumption
*Total electricity consumption (GWh)	0.00	27,871.00	24,691.00
*Total electricity consumption (TJ)	0.00	100,335.60	88,887.60
*10-year growth rate 2001-2011 (%)
Natural gas (TJ)			713,614.79
Fuel oil (TJ)	4,407.46	6,145.86
Coal (TJ)	0.00	0.00	0.00
Biomass/biofuels (TJ)	0.00	0.00	0.00
Other

*Total energy consumption (heating + ind. fuels) (TJ)	4,407.46	6,145.86	713,614.79
*Total energy consumption (res & comm heating) (TJ)

Energy (Mobile)
Gasoline (TJ)		129,295.08	173,460.00	yrs 2008 and 2010
Diesel (TJ)		43,632.78	129,568.90	year 2010
Jet fuel (TJ)			54,845.29
Marine fuel (TJ)
Other		53,869.56		mazut (heavy fuel oil); yrs 2003 & 2008

	5,167.08	1,798.31	5,274.64	kerosene; yrs 2003, 2007, and 2010

*Total energy consumption (transportation) excl. marine/jet fuel (TJ)	5,167.08	228,595.72	308,303.54
*10-year growth rate
*Total energy consumption (stationary + mobile) (TJ)	9,574.54	335,077.18	1,110,805.93
*2011 total			1,110,805.93
*2006 total		335,077.18
**2001 total	9,574.54
*10-year growth rate 2001-2011 (%)

Water
Consumption (ML) -- excluding line losses	726,604.09	757,166.01	833,800.82
Line losses (ML)	242,201.36	252,388.67	277,933.61	about 25% of consumption
>Line losses as a percentage of consumption (%)	33.3%	33.3%	33.3%
*Total water consumption (ML) excluding line losses	726,604.09	757,166.01	833,800.82
*Total water consumption (ML) including line losses	968,805.45	1,009,554.69	1,111,734.43	based on 250 L per day per person
Production (ML)
Production - surface water (ML)
Production - ground water (ML)
*10-year growth rate in water consumption 2001-2011 (%)	14.75

Wastewater
Volume (ML)		115.00
Loading (kt BOD)

Waste
Solid waste disposal - land (Kt)			2,555.00
Waste incineration (Kt)	0.00	0.00	0.00
*Total solid waste disposal (kt)	0.00	0.00	2,555.00
*10-year growth rate in solid waste disposal 2001-2011 (%)	#DIV/0!

Electricity sources
Coal (%)	0	0	0
Oil (%)
Natural gas (%)
Hydropower (%)
Nuclear (%)	0	0	0
Off-site wind (%)	0	0	0
Off-site solar (%)	negligible	negligible	negligible
Other
GHG emissions factor (t CO₂e / GWh)				see survey

Electricity consumption (2011)
residential (%)			41
commercial/institutional (%)			36
industrial (%)			16
transportation (%)
other			7	including transportation

Stationary energy consumption (2011)
residential (%)
commercial/institutional (%)
industrial (%)
other

Materials (2011)

Building materials
Cement
>net import (Kt)
>production (Kt)			4,015.00
>consumption (Kt)
Steel
>net import (Kt)
>production (Kt)
>consumption (Kt)
Other
>net import (Kt)
>production (Kt)
>consumption (Kt)

Food
>net import (Kt)
>production (Kt)
>consumption (Kt)

Other
>net import (Kt)
>production (Kt)
>consumption (Kt)